III. Kudzora Chiedza Mamiriro eBlueberries muGreenhouses
1. Kushandiswa kweMambure ane Mimvuri: Mambure ane mimvuri anogona kushandiswa kudzora kusimba kwechiedza, kuona kuti blueberries haaonekwe nechiedza chezuva chakanyanyisa.
2. Shade Nets: Izvi zvinobatsira kuderedza kusimba kwechiedza uye kupa mamiriro emwenje akakodzera, kudzivirira blueberries kubva pakupisa uye kuderedza photosynthesis.
3. Kuwedzera Mwenje: Mumwaka kana mumazuva ane makore apo chiedza chinenge chisina kukwana, chiedza chekuwedzera chinogona kushandiswa kuve nechokwadi chokuti blueberries ine chiedza chakakwana chephotosynthesis.
4. Supplemental Lighting: Mwenje wekuwedzera unogona kupa chiedza chakafanana nechiedza chechisikigo, kubatsira blueberries kuchengetedza kukura kwakanaka munzvimbo dzine chiedza chisina kukwana.
5. Kudzora kweChiedza Chikuru: Blueberries 'photosynthesis yakanyatsobatana nechiedza chechiedza; zvose zvakanyanyisa uye chiedza chisina simba zvinokanganisa kukura kweblueberry.
6. Chiedza Chikuru Kudzora: Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa kusimba kwechiedza zvinoenderana nedanho rekukura uye zvakanangana nezvinodiwa zveblueberries kuti uwane optimal photosynthesis kunyatsoshanda.
7. Kutungamirirwa Kwechiedza Chenguva: Blueberries ine zvakasiyana-siyana zvenguva yechiedza zvinodiwa pamatanho ekukura akasiyana, uye zvakakosha kudzora nguva yechiedza zvinonzwisisika kukurudzira zvose zvinomera uye kubereka kukura.
8. Light Duration Management: Semuenzaniso, panguva yembeu yeblueberries, nguva yechiedza inogona kuderedzwa zvakakodzera kudzivirira kukanganisa kubva kuchiedza chakasimba.
9. Kubatana kweGreenhouse Temperature uye Chiedza: Tembiricha iri mukati megreenhouse inokanganisawo blueberry photosynthesis, uye zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa tembiricha yemukati maererano nemamiriro akareruka kuti ive nechokwadi chenzvimbo yakakodzera kwazvo yekukura kweblueberry.
10. CO2 Concentration Regulation: Kuwedzera kwakakodzera kwe CO2 kusungirirwa mu greenhouse kunogona kuwedzera photosynthesis kunyatsoshanda, saka paunenge uchigadzirisa chiedza, kutarisa kunofanirawo kubhadharwa kuwedzera CO2.
IV. Kuenzanisa Tembiricha uye Chiedza muGreenhouses yeBlueberries
1. Temperature Management: Temperature manejimendi yeblueberries mumagreenhouse chiitiko chakapfava chekuenzanisa. Mushure mekunge mablueberries apinda mudormancy chaiwo, anoda imwe nhamba yemaawa ekushisa kwakadzika kuti atumbuke uye abereke michero kazhinji. Semuenzaniso, munharaunda yeQingdao, nguva iyo tembiricha inopfuura zvishoma nezvishoma 7.2 ℃ inenge Mbudzi 20. Nguva yekuvhara greenhouse uye kusimudza tembiricha inofanira kunge iri Mbudzi 20 pamwe nemazuva makumi matatu nemana pamwe nechengetedzo yemazuva 3-5, zvinoreva kuti nguva yakachengeteka yekuvhara nekudziya iyo greenhouse kubva muna Zvita 27 kusvika 29. Pamusoro pezvo, tembiricha mukati megreenhouse inofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana nedanho rekukura reblueberries kuti ive nechokwadi chekukura nekukura.
2. Light Management: Blueberries inoda chiedza chakakwana chephotosynthesis, asi chiedza chakanyanya kusimba chinogona kukuvadza zvirimwa. Mumagreenhouses, kusimba kwechiedza kunogona kudzorwa uchishandisa mambure emumvuri kuona kuti mablueberries haaonekwe nechiedza chezuva chakanyanya. Mafirimu anotarisisa anogonawo kushandiswa kuwedzera kusimba kwechiedza, kunyanya munguva yechando kana masikati machena ari mapfupi.
3. Kufefetedza uye Kudzora Humidity: Kufefetedza uye kudzora mwando mukati megreenhouse zvakakosha zvakaenzana pakukura kweblueberry. Kufefetedza kwakakodzera kunogona kubatsira kuderedza tembiricha mukati megreenhouse, kuderedza kuitika kwezvipembenene nezvirwere, uye kuchengetedza mwando wakakodzera. Munguva yekukura kweblueberry, hunyoro hwemhepo mukati megreenhouse hunofanirwa kuchengetwa pa70% -75%, izvo zvinoita kuti bhurobhu rimere.
4. CO2 Concentration Regulation: Kuwedzera kwakakodzera kwe CO2 kusungirirwa mu greenhouse kunogona kuwedzera photosynthesis kushanda, saka paunenge uchigadzirisa chiedza, kutarisa kunofanirawo kubhadharwa kuwedzera CO2.
Kuburikidza nezviyero zviri pamusoro, kuenzana kwekushisa uye chiedza mu greenhouse zvinogona kunyatsotarisirwa, zvichipa nzvimbo yakakwana yekukura kweblueberries nekuvandudza goho ravo nemhando.
V. Mangani Maawa eKudzika Kwekupisa Ko Blueberry Inoda Panguva Dormancy?
Mushure mekupinda mudormancy, blueberries inoda imwe nguva yekudziya kwakadzika kuti iparadze physiological dormancy, inozivikanwa sechinodikanwa chinotonhora. Mhando dzakasiyana dzeblueberry dzine zvinosiyana zvinoda kutonhora. Semuyenzaniso, 'ReKa' yakasiyana inoda maawa 1000 kana kupfuura ekutonhorera, uye 'DuKe' yakasiyana inodawo maawa 1000. Dzimwe mhando dzine zvinodikanwa zvakaderera zvekutonhora, senge 'Meadowlark' siyana, iyo inoda isingasviki maawa mazana mapfumbamwe, nepo 'Green Gem' yakasiyana inoda anopfuura 250 maawa. Pamusoro pezvo, mhando ye'Eureka' haidi maawa anodarika zana, 'Rocio' (H5) yakasiyana-siyana haidi maawa anopfuura makumi matanhatu, uye 'L' yakasiyana inoda maawa asingadarike makumi masere. Aya anotonhorera anodiwa data akakosha pakubata blueberry dormancy kuti ive nechokwadi chekukura kwechirimwa uye kubereka michero.
VI. Kunze kweChilling Zvinodiwa, Ndezvipi Zvimwe Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kuburitswa kweBlueberry Dormancy?
Kuburitswa kweblueberry dormancy kunopesvedzerwa nezvakawanda zvinhu, mukuwedzera kune kutonhora zvinodiwa, zvinosanganisira:
1. Exogenous Hormones: Exogenous gibberellins (GA) inogona kunyatsoputsa blueberry bud dormancy. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti exogenous GA kurapwa kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya starch zvemukati uye kuwedzera maruva bud mvura yemukati, nekudaro kusimudzira kuburitswa kweblueberry dormancy uye kumera.
2. Temperature Management: Mushure mekupinda mudormancy, blueberries inoda imwe nguva yekushisa yakaderera kuti iparadze physiological dormancy. Mumagreenhouses, tembiricha inogona kudzorwa kutevedzera yakaderera-tembiricha zvinodiwa zvechisikigo, zvichibatsira blueberries kutyora dormancy.
3. Chiedza Mamiriro: Chiedza chinokanganisawo kusunungurwa kweblueberry dormancy. Kunyange zvazvo blueberries iri mbeu-inoda chiedza, chiedza chakanyanya kusimba panguva ye dormancy chinogona kukuvadza zvirimwa. Naizvozvo, kutonga kwakakodzera kwemwenje zvakare chinhu chakakosha chekusunungurwa kwe dormancy.
4. Water Management: Panguva yeblueberry dormancy, kutonga kwemvura kwakakodzera kunodiwa. Kuchengeta hunyoro hwevhu hwakakodzera kunobatsira zvirimwa zveblueberry kugara zvine hutano panguva yedormancy.
5. Nutrient Management: Panguva yedormancy, blueberries ine fetireza yakaderera inodikanwa, asi kutonga kwakakodzera kwekudya kunogona kubatsira chirimwa kukura zvirinani mushure mekunge dormancy yapera. Foliar fertilizer inogona kuiswa kuti ipe kudya kunodiwa.
6. Kudzora Zvipembenene uye Zvirwere: Panguva yekurara, miti yeblueberry haina simba uye inotapukirwa netupukanana nezvirwere. Naizvozvo, kudzora tupukanana nenguva yakakodzera chinhu chakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chehutano hwechirimwa uye yakatsetseka dormancy kuburitswa.
7. Kuchekerera Kuchekerera: Kuchekerera kwakafanira kunogona kukurudzira kukura uye kubereka michero yemiti yeblueberry. Kuchekerera panguva yedormancy kunogona kubvisa matavi akafa uye kuyambuka, kuchengetedza kutenderera kwemhepo kwakanaka uye kupenya kwekupinda, izvo zvinobatsira chirimwa kuburitsa dormancy.
Kuburikidza nezviyero zviri pamusoro, nguva yedormancy yeblueberries inogona kunyatsogadziriswa, kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvirimwa zvinogona kukura zvine hutano mushure me dormancy, nekuvandudza goho uye mhando yeblueberries.
Tinokugamuchirai kuita imwe hurukuro nesu.
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Nguva yekutumira: Nov-12-2024
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