Kumhanyisa greenhouse kunogona kunzwa sehondo yenguva dzose - unodyara, unodiridza, unomirira… uyezve kamwe kamwe, zvirimwa zvako zviri kurwiswa. Aphid, thrips, whiteflies - tupukanana tusingaoneki, uye zvinoita sekunge kupfapfaidza makemikari ndiyo chete nzira yekuenderera mberi.
Asi ko kana paine nzira iri nani?
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) inzira ine hungwaru, inoenderera mberi inokubatsira kudzora tumbuyu pasina kuvimba nekugara uchingoshandisa mishonga yezvipembenene. Hazvisi zvekuita - ndezvekudzivirira. Uye inoshanda.
Ngatifambei nepakati peakakosha mazano, maturusi, uye akanakisa maitiro anoita kuti IPM yako yegreenhouse chombo chako chakavanzika.
Chii Chinonzi IPM uye Nei Yakasiyana?
IPM inomiriraIntegrated Pest Management. Iyo inzira yesainzi-yakavakirwa iyo inosanganisa akawanda matekiniki ekuchengetedza tupukanana pasi pemazinga ekukuvadza - uku ichideredza kukuvadza kuvanhu, zvidyarwa, uye nharaunda.
Panzvimbo pekutanga kusvika kune makemikari, IPM inotarisa pakunzwisisa maitiro ezvipembenene, kusimbisa hutano hwezvirimwa, uye kushandisa vavengi vepanyama kuchengetedza kuenzanisa. Funga nezvayo sekutonga ecosystem - kwete kungouraya tsikidzi.
Mune imwe greenhouse muNetherlands, kuchinjira kuIPM kwakaderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari ne70%, kwakavandudza kusimba kwechirimwa, uye kwakakwezva vatengi vanoziva nezve eco.
Danho 1: Tarisa uye Kuziva Tupukanana Nekukurumidza
Iwe haugone kurwa nezvausingaoni. Inoshanda IPM inotanga nekugara achiongorora. Izvi zvinoreva kutarisa zvidyarwa zvako, misungo inonamira, uye nzvimbo dzekukura kwezviratidzo zvekutanga zvedambudziko.
Zvekutsvaga:
Kuchinja, kupeta, kana maburi mumashizha
Zvisaririra zvinonamira (zvinowanzosiiwa nemaaphid kana whiteflies)
Zvipembenene zvakura zvakabatwa pamatepi anonamira eyero kana yebhuruu
Shandisa maikorosikopu yakabatwa neruoko kana girazi rekukudza kuona mhando dzezvipembenene. Kuziva kana uri kubata nefungus zvipembenene kana thrips zvinokubatsira kusarudza nzira yekudzora chaiyo.
KuChengfei Greenhouse, ma scouts akadzidziswa anoshandisa maturusi ekugadzira mepu yedhijitari kuronda kuputika munguva chaiyo, zvichibatsira varimi kupindura nekukurumidza uye nehungwaru.
Danho 2: Dzivirira Zvipembenene Zvisati Zvasvika
Kudzivirira imbiru yeIPM. Zvirimwa zvine hutano uye nzvimbo dzakachena hadzinakidze tumbuyu.
Matanho akakosha ekudzivirira:
Isa mambure ezvipembenene pamaponde nemagonhi
Shandisa masisitimu ekupinda nemadhoo maviri kudzikamisa kupinda kwezvipembenene
Chengetedza kutenderera kwemhepo kwakanaka uye kudzivirira kudira mvura
Disinfect zvishandiso uye bvisa tsvina yezvirimwa nguva nenguva
Kusarudza mhando dzembesa dzisingauraye zvipembenene zvinobatsirawo. Mamwe magaka anobudisa mvere dzemashizha dzinodzivisa whiteflies, nepo mamwe marudzi ematomatisi asinganyanyi kufadza maaphid.
Imba yekusvinira muSpain yakabatanidza kuongorora kwezvipembenene, zvigadziriso zvemamiriro ekunze, uye yekugezera tsoka munzvimbo dzekupinda - kuderedza kupindirwa kwezvipembenene neinopfuura 50%.
Danho rechitatu: Shandisa Biological Controls
Panzvimbo pemakemikari, IPM inotsamira pairivavengi venyama. Izvi zvipembenene kana zvipuka zvinobatsira zvinodya tupukanana zvisingakuvadze zvirimwa zvako.
Zvidzoreso zvebhayoloji zvakakurumbira zvinosanganisira:
Aphidius colemani: kanyava kadiki kanopararisa hove
Phytoseiulus persimilis: mhute inodya mhungu
Encarsia formosa: inorwisa whitefly larvaeKusunungura nguva ndiyo yakakosha. Zivisai zvikara nguva ichiripo, nepo zvipembenene zvichiri zvishoma. Vazhinji vatengesi vava kupa "bio-mabhokisi" - pre-packed units anoita kuti kuburitsa zvinobatsira kuve nyore, kunyangwe kuvarimi vadiki.
KuCanada, murimi wematomatisi anotengeserana akabatanidza Encarsia wasps nezvirimwa zvemubhanga kuti nhunzi dzisapinda mahekita maviri - pasina kana pfapfaidzo imwe yemishonga mwaka wese.
Danho 4: Zvichengete Zvakachena
Hutsanana hwakanaka hunobatsira kuputsa hupenyu hwezvipembenene. Zvipembenene zvinokandira mazai muvhu, marara, uye pazvirimwa. Kuchengeta greenhouse yako yakatsvinda kunoita kuti zvivaomere kudzoka.
Maitiro akanaka:
Bvisa sora nezvirimwa zvekare kubva munzvimbo dzinokura
Geza mabhenji, uriri, uye maturusi nemishonga inouraya utachiona zvinyoro-nyoro
Tenderedza mbesa uye dzivisa kurima mbesa imwe chete panzvimbo imwe chete kakawanda
Gadzirisa zvirimwa zvitsva usati wazvisuma
Mapurazi akawanda egreenhouse zvino anoronga “mazuva akachena” evhiki nevhiki sorutivi rweurongwa hwawo hweIPM, achigovera mapoka akasiyana-siyana kuti aise pfungwa pautsanana, kuongorora, uye kugadzirisa misungo.
Nhanho 5: Shandisa Kemikari - Nehungwaru uye Nekunetswa
IPM haibvise mishonga yezvipembenene — inoishandisa chetesechisarudzo chekupedzisira, uye nemazvo.
Sarudza yakaderera-chepfu, zvinosarudza zvigadzirwa zvinonangana netupukanana asi chengetedza zvipembenene zvinobatsira. Gara uchitenderedza zvinhu zvinoshanda kudzivirira kuramba. Isa chete kune hotspots, kwete iyo yakazara greenhouse.
Zvimwe zvirongwa zveIPM zvinosanganisirabiopesticides, zvakadai semafuta emineem kana Bacillus-based products, iyo inoshanda zvinyoro uye inoputsika nokukurumidza munharaunda.
KuAustralia, mumwe murimi welettuce akataura kuti akachengetedza 40% pamitengo yemakemikari mushure mekuchinja kune zvakanangwa zvekupfapfaidza chete kana zvipembenene zvapfuura.
Nhanho 6: Rekodha, Ongorora, Dzokorora
Hapana IPM chirongwa chakakwana pasinakuchengeta zvinyorwa. Tarisa uone zvipembenene, nzira dzekurapa, mazuva ekuburitswa kwezvinobatsira, uye mhedzisiro.
Iyi data inokubatsira kuona mapatani, kugadzirisa maitiro, uye kuronga mberi. Nokufamba kwenguva, greenhouse yako inowedzera kusimba - uye matambudziko ako ezvipembenene zvishoma.
Varimi vazhinji vava kushandisa maapplication e-smartphone kana mapuratifomu-akavakirwa gore kuti vatore zvinoonekwa uye vagadzire zvirongwa zvekurapa otomatiki.
Nei IPM Ichishanda Kune Varimi Vanhasi
IPM haisi nyaya yekudzora tumbuyu chete - inzira yekurima zvine hungwaru. Nekutarisa pakudzivirira, kuenzanisa, uye sarudzo dzinofambiswa nedata, IPM inoita kuti greenhouse yako ishande, irambe yakasimba, uye iite pundutso.
Inovhurawo magonhi kumisika yepamusoro. Mazhinji organic certification anoda IPM nzira. Vatengi veEco-conscious vanowanzofarira zvirimwa zvakarimwa nemakemikari mashoma - uye vanoda kubhadhara yakawanda pazviri.
Kubva kudzimba diki dzemhuri kusvika kumapurazi akangwara, IPM yave kuita chiyero chitsva.
Wakagadzirira kumisa kudzingirira tupukanana uye wotanga kuzvibata nehungwaru? IPM inguva yemberi - uye yakogreenhousezvakakodzera.
Tinokugamuchirai kuita imwe hurukuro nesu.
Email:Lark@cfgreenhouse.com
Runhare:+86 19130604657
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-25-2025
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