Kurima kweGreenhouse kwakakurumidza kuita shanduko muindasitiri yezvekurima yeChina, zvichipa mikana mitsva yekugadzira zvirimwa zvine hungwaru. Nekukwira kwehunyanzvi tekinoroji, magreenhouses emazuva ano ave kuwedzera simba-simba, uye kunaka kwezvirimwa kwakavandudzika zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, kunyangwe kufambira mberi uku, kurima kwegreenhouse kunotarisana nematambudziko akati wandei ayo anowanzo furatirwa. Nyaya idzi dzakatanga kubuda zvakajeka nekufamba kwenguva, uye dzinopa zvipingamupinyi zvakakomba kune indasitiri yekugara kwenguva refu.
1. Kushandiswa Kwemagetsi Akakwirira uye Kukwira Kwemari
Kuchengeta tembiricha inowirirana mumagreenhouses, kunyanya munguva yechando inotonhora, inoda simba rakakosha rekushandisa. Mazhinji magreenhouses muChina, kunyanya munzvimbo dzekuchamhembe, achiri kuvimba nemasisitimu echinyakare ekudziya akadai segasi chaiwo uye magetsi kuchengetedza nharaunda ichidziya. Uku kudiwa kwekugara kuchipisa kunokwidza zvese mashandisiro emagetsi uye mari yekushandisa.
Magreenhouse munzvimbo dzinotonhora dzekuchamhembe kazhinji anoda kuchengetedza tembiricha iri pamusoro pe15°C munguva yechando kudzivirira zvirimwa kubva kuchando. Izvi zvinoguma nekushandiswa kukuru kwesimba, kunyanya mumagreenhouse ekare asati atora mamwe masisitimu anoshanda nesimba. Nepo mamwe magreenhouses akangwara senge "Chengfei Greenhouses" ari kuunza matekinoroji ekuchengetedza simba, vachiri kutarisana nedambudziko rekuenzanisa mashandisirwo esimba nezvinodiwa mukukura kwechirimwa, zvichiita kuti ive nhamburiko inoenderera kudzikisa mitengo uye kuderedza kuburitsa kabhoni.
2. Environmental Impact: The Hidden Cost of Greenhouses
Nepo magreenhouses achiitirwa kuvandudza kushanda kwevhu, kuvakwa zvisina kurongwa kwegreenhouse kunogona kutungamirira kumhedzisiro yakaipa yezvakatipoteredza. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kuwanda kwemagreenhouses akavakwa munzvimbo imwe chete kunogona kutungamirira kukuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, zvichikonzera kuparara kwevhu, kushomeka kwemvura, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakatipoteredza.
Munzvimbo dzakaita seXinjiang neInner Mongolia, kunyanya kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura nekuda kwekunyanya kurima greenhouse kwakonzera kudzikira kwemvura yepasi uye kuwedzera munyu wevhu. Idzi nyaya dzezvakatipoteredza dzinopa dambudziko rakakura kune kuenderera kwenguva refu kwekurima kwegreenhouse mumatunhu aya, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakosha kutsvaga mhinduro dzinoderedza kutsika kwenzvimbo yegreenhouse uku uchichengetedza goho.
3. Low Levels of Automation uye Over-Reliance pane Manual Labor
Zvisinei nekufambira mberi kwe tekinoroji yegreenhouse, dzimba zhinji dzegreenhouse muChina dzichiri kuvimba zvakanyanya nebasa remaoko kugadzirisa tembiricha, mwando, uye kudiridza. Nepo mamwe magreenhouse akabatanidza otomatiki, mazhinji madiki anoramba achitsamira pavarimi kuti vagadzirise mamhepo, kudziyisa, uye madiridziro. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusashanda uye kusagadzikana kwemamiriro ekunze, izvo zvinokanganisa kukura kwembeu uye kubereka.
Semuyenzaniso, magreenhouse ari munzvimbo dzakaita seHebei neShandong anowanzo vimba nevarimi kuti vagadzirise masisitimu nemaoko, zvichikonzera kuchinjika kwetembiricha uye hunyoro hunogona kukanganisa zvirimwa. Kusiyana neizvi, magreenhouses seChengfei's, anoshandisa masisitimu akazara, anokwanisa kudzora zvakatipoteredza zvakanyanya uye kuderedza kudiwa kwekugara kupindira kwevanhu. Izvi zvinotungamira kune nani manejimendi emagetsi uye kuwedzera kuenderana kugadzirwa kwezvirimwa, kuratidza mabhenefiti ehunyanzvi matekinoroji mukurima kwegreenhouse.
4. Mvura Yakarasika: Nyaya Yakakomba Mumatunhu Akaoma
Mvura yakakosha pakurima, asi dzimwe nzvimbo dzinopisa, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma kana dzakaoma, dzinoshandisa mvura yakawandisa. Izvi zvinoisa dambudziko pazviwanikwa zvemvura zvatove zvishoma. Mumatunhu akadai seXinjiang neInner Mongolia, magreenhouses mazhinji anoshandisa nzira dzekudiridza dzechinyakare senge kupfapfaidza kana mafashama, zvichitungamira kumarara emvura. Nzira idzi, kunyangwe dzakajairika, hadzina hunyanzvi kana zvichienzaniswa nedziri dzemazuva ano dzakaita semadiridziro edrip, izvo zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemvura uye kudzivirira kupera.
Kuvandudza madiridziro uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura inyaya yakakosha pakurima kwegreenhouse munzvimbo dzisina mvura. Tekinoroji dzemazuva ano dzinogona kubatsira kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemvura zvakanaka uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvakakosha, asi zvitsva izvi hazvisati zvaitwa munzvimbo dzese dzegreenhouse, kunyanya idzo dziri kumaruwa kana nzvimbo dzisina kusimukira.
5. Nyaya Dzezvinhu: Hupenyu Hupfupi hweGreenhouses
Zvishandiso zvakashandiswa kuvaka magreenhouse, kunyanya mafirimu epurasitiki anoshandiswa kuavhara, anoita basa rakakosha mukuona hupenyu hwavo. Mazhinji madiki magreenhouses achiri kuvimba nemafirimu emhando yakaderera uye zvinhu, izvo zvinodzikira nekukurumidza pasi pechiedza chezuva cheUV. Sezvo zvinhu izvi zvaparara, kukwanisa kwegreenhouse kuchengetedza mamiriro emukati akadzikama kunokanganiswa, zvichikonzera kukwira kwemitengo yekuchengetedza uye kudzokororwa kakawanda.
Iko kudikanwa kwekutsiva yakaderera-mhando zvinhu zvinowanzo tungamira kune yakawedzera mitengo yekushanda uye hupfupi hwese hwehupenyu hwegreenhouse. Izvi hazvingokanganise hupenyu hwehupfumi hwekurima kwegreenhouse asiwo zvinokonzeresa kuraswa kwezvakatipoteredza kana zvinhu zvinoraswa nguva zhinji.
Sezvo kurima kwegreenhouse kuri kuramba kuchikura muChina, hunyanzvi hwekuita tekinoroji uye nekuvandudza maitiro ekutonga zvichave zvakakosha mukukunda matambudziko aya. Nekutora masisitimu ekutonga ane hungwaru, matekinoroji ekuchengetedza simba, uye nzira dzekudiridza dzakasimba, kurima kwegreenhouse kunogona kuve kwakasimba uye kusingadhuri mune ramangwana.
Tinokugamuchirai kuita imwe hurukuro nesu.
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Nguva yekutumira: Feb-13-2025
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